Background: One of the first targets of post-operative care for cardiac surgery is to control bleeding. Significant bleeding can affect cardiac function as it can lead to hemorrhagic shock, severe anemia, and cardiac tamponade. Valve surgery has a mortality rate of 3.4%. Mitral valve repair surgery has a mortality rate of 1.2% compared to a valve replacement mortality rate of 4.5%. A quick and …
Preoperative anxiety is a challenging concept in the preoperative care of patients. Most patients who are about to undergo an elective surgery experience anxiety and it is widely accepted as an anticipated response. Postponement of elective surgical procedures causes significant emotional trauma in the patients as well as on their families and the community in general, and its impact on hospita…