Aims/Introduction: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) is a nuclear hormone receptor of the ligand-dependent transcription factor involved in adipogenesis, and a molecular targ…
Aims/Introduction: Though there are many differences in dietary habits and in the metabolic basis between Western and Asian people, the actual dietary intake in Asian patients with diabetes has not…
Aims/Introduction: The associations between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic vascular complications of type 2 diabetes remain uncertain. We assessed the relationships between N…
To estimate the carbohydrate-to-insulin ratio (CIR), a formula dividing a constant, usually 300–500, by the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin, is widely utilized. An appropriate CIR varies for ea…
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the main cause of death in diabetic patients, and once it has developed, diabetic patients have a worse outcome as compared with nondiabetic patients. One reaso…